a wide range

өргөн цар хүрээ

The survey covered a wide range of age groups, from teenagers to senior citizens

abbreviations

товчлол

In academic writing, abbreviations should be used carefully to avoid confusing the reader.

accurately

үнэн зөвөөр, нарийвчлалтайгаар

he graph accurately illustrates the changes in household energy consumption between 1990 and 2020.

adopt a child

хүүхэд өргөж авах

My aunt adopted a child last year and is very happy

after a while

хэсэг хугацааны дараа

After a while, the excitement of starting a new job turns into a daily routine

aggressive

түрэмгий, догшин

The dog was aggressive towards strangers

alternatives

сонголт, өөр хувилбар

When I travel, I always look for affordable alternatives to hotels, such as hostels or Airbnb.

ambitious

амбицтай

I’m an ambitious person, so I always set high goals for myself.

Ancestor

өвөг дээдэс

The traditions of our ancestors are still respected today

anxious

сэтгэл түгшсэн, санаа зовсон

I felt anxious before my IELTS speaking test, but I managed to stay calm.

Appearance

гадаад төрх, үзэгдэх байдал

Although he is in his 60s, his youthful appearance makes him look much younger.

appropriate

зохистой, тохиромжтой

It is appropriate for governments to invest in public healthcare to ensure citizens’ well-being.

arrogant

биеэ тоосон, их зантай

An arrogant leader can damage relationships within a team

astonished

гайхсан, биширсэн

I was astonished when I saw the breathtaking view from the mountain top

be aware of something

ямар нэг зүйлийг мэдэх, анзаарсан, ухамсарлах

Citizens should be aware of the consequences of excessive plastic use to reduce environmental damage

Be in a bad mood

сэтгэл санаа муу байх, ууртай байх

When I’m in a bad mood, I prefer to be alone and listen to music.

be pregnant

жирэмсэн байх

My sister is pregnant, and our family is very excited about the baby’s arrival

be related to somebody

хүнтэй төрөл садан байх

I’m related to the famous singer through my mother’s side of the family

capital letter

том үсэг

In formal essays, each new sentence should begin with a capital letter

Cheerful

цовоо, хөгжилтэй, баяртай

In my country, people tend to be cheerful during traditional festivals.

Clean-shaven

үс сахлаа хуссан

The man I met was tall, clean-shaven, and wearing a dark suit.

complex

төвөгтэй, нарийн

Climate change is a complex issue that requires cooperation from multiple countries.

Connected

холбоотой, холбогдсон

I feel deeply connected to my hometown because of the memories I have there

Dull

уйтгартай, сонирхолгүй

The lecture was so dull that several students fell asleep

Easy-going

амар амгалан зантай, тайван

My uncle is an easy-going person who gets along with everyone

effectively

үр дүнтэйгээр, амжилттайгаар

To prepare for the IELTS exam, candidates must learn how to manage their time effectively

Emigrate from … to …

…-аас/ээс … рүү цагаачлах

My parents emigrated from Mongolia to Australia in 2005

emotional

сэтгэл хөдлөм, сэтгэл хөдлөлтэй

Movies with emotional storylines often leave a lasting impact on the audience

encouraging

дэмжсэн, зоригжуулсан

The government’s new policy on renewable energy is an encouraging step towards reducing carbon emissions

energy

эрч хүч

I try to eat healthily so I have enough energy to study and work

enthusiastic

урам зоригтой, чин сэтгэлээсээ сонирхсон

Employers often look for candidates who are enthusiastic about learning new skills

everyday

өдөр тутмын

People should exercise every day to maintain good health

expand

тэлэх, өргөжүүлэх, нэмэгдүүлэх

Learning a new language can expand your career opportunities

express

илэрхийлэх, үзүүлэх;

Art can be a powerful way to express emotions that are difficult to put into words

fall out with somebody

муудалцах, хагаралдах

I fell out with my best friend over a misunderstanding.

fattish

бага зэрэг махлаг

In my opinion, being a little fattish is fine as long as the person is healthy.

figure

Биеийн галбир, Хэлбэр дүрс

She has an athletic figure thanks to her regular gym workouts

fluent

чөлөөтэй, ус цас шиг

I want to become fluent in English so I can study abroad without language barriers

foster parent

үрчлээгүй боловч асран хамгаалагч эцэг эх

The foster parents took care of the boy until he was adopted

Friendship

найрамдал, нөхөрлөл

Social media has changed the way people form and maintain friendships

Frustrating

бухимдуулсан, уур хүргэсэн

Interpreting incomplete survey data can be frustrating for researchers

furious

ууртай, хилэгнэсэн

I was furious when my flight was cancelled without any prior notice

Generation

үе

My generation grew up with the internet and smartphones

generous

өгөөмөр, өглөгч

My aunt is a generous person who always helps those in need.

get divorced

гэрлэлтээ цуцлуулах

My parents got divorced when I was a child

Get on with somebody

хэн нэгэнтэй найзлах, таарч тохирох

When I started my new job, I was relieved to get on with my colleagues easily

get to know somebody

танилцах, таньж мэдэх

It was nice to get to know you at the conference

get together

уулзалдах

Let’s get together for lunch this weekend

go grey

үс цайрах, бууралтах

Some people go grey earlier due to stress or genetics

go out with somebody

уулзалдах, болзох, үерхэх

Are you going out with anyone at the moment?

go wrong

буруудах, алдаа болох

I don’t know what went wrong, but the computer stopped working

goal

зорилго

The company achieved its sales goal two months ahead of schedule

half-brother

эцэг эсвэл эх нэгт ах дүү

My half-brother lives in another city with his father

hard-working

хичээнгүй, хөдөлмөрч

My cousin is a hard-working student who studies every evening after school

have something in common

адил төстэй зүйлтэй байх

We have a lot in common — we both love hiking and reading

Heartbroken

сэтгэлээр унасан, гүнээ шархалсан

I was heartbroken when my best friend moved to another country

Honest

үнэнч, шударга

An honest government is essential for a country’s long-term stability

Hurt somebody’s feelings

хүний сэтгэлийг шархлуулах, гомдоох

I didn’t mean to hurt my friend’s feelings, but my joke was taken the wrong way.

Immigrant

цагаач

My grandfather was an immigrant from Italy

impatient

тэвчээргүй

I can be impatient when people are late for meetings

improve

сайжруулах, сайжрах

The government aims to improve healthcare facilities in rural areas.

in a relationship

үерхэж байгаа

She’s in a relationship with one of her coworkers

in detail

дэлгэрэнгүйгээр

I will describe my favorite book in detail, including the plot, characters, and themes

In good shape

эрүүл чийрэг, сайн бие галбиртай

I try to exercise three times a week to stay in good shape

instead of

оронд нь

The company used renewable energy instead of fossil fuels in 2020.

interrupt

тасалдуулах, саад хийх

Construction noise can interrupt students’ concentration during online classes

jealous

атаархсан

I felt jealous when my friend won a scholarship I had applied for

keep in touch

холбоотой байх

Let’s keep in touch after you move to another city

list

жагсаалт

I made a list of all the things I needed to buy before moving abroad

look like somebody

хүнтэй төстэй харагдах

She looks like a famous actress I saw in a movie

loyal

үнэнч

He remained loyal to his friends even when they were in trouble.

make friends

найз нөхөд болох

I find it easy to make friends when I join clubs or group activities

member

гишүүн

She is a member of the local tennis club

miserable

урам хугарсан, сэтгэлээр унасан, гунигтай

Cold and rainy weather can make some people feel miserable

moody

ааштай, сэтгэл санаа тогтворгүй

My younger brother can be quite moody, especially when he’s tired

motivated

зорилготой, урам зориг авсан

Highly motivated students tend to achieve better academic results

neat

цэмцгэр, нямбай

A neat and organized workspace can improve productivity

obvious

илэрхий, тодорхой

From the chart, it is obvious that the sales of electric cars increased significantly between 2010 and 2020.

omitted

орхигдуулсан, алгассан

Data for the year 2018 was omitted due to a lack of accurate records

one another

бие биенээ

The students help one another with their homework

Only child

Айлын ганц хүүхэд

He is the only child in his family, so he doesn’t have siblings to play with.

originally

анхнаасаа, угтаа

I’m originally from Mongolia, but I now live in Japan

pause

түр зогсолт, завсарлага

I paused for a moment to think about how to answer the question

plump

булбгар, махлаг

In some cultures, being plump is considered a sign of wealth and prosperity

pretty

хөөрхөн

The town is small but very pretty, with old-style houses and gardens.

Previous

өмнөх

The previous owner of this house planted these trees

Proud

бахархсан

I felt proud when I received my university acceptance letter

realize

ойлгох, ухамсарлах

She soon realized her mistake

regret

харамсах

I regret telling her my secret

relevant to something

…-тай холбоотой, хамааралтай

My work experience is highly relevant to the position I’m applying for

rely on somebody

хэн нэгэнд найдах, түшиглэх

I can always rely on my best friend to give me honest advice

responsible

хариуцлагатай

Governments are responsible for providing quality healthcare to their citizens.

royal

хааны, хааны гэр бүлийн гишүүн

She was invited to a royal banquet at the palace

see somebody as something

хүнийг … гэж үзэх, … гэж харах

I see my father as a role model because of his hard work and kindness

self-confident

өөртөө итгэлтэй

I try to be self-confident when speaking English, even if I make small mistakes

sense of humor

хошин шогийн мэдрэмж

A sense of humor can help reduce stress in challenging workplaces

separate

тусдаа,

I keep my work and personal life separate to maintain balance

show your feelings

сэтгэлээ илэрхийлэх

I find it easy to show my feelings to close friends but not to strangers

single parent

ганц бие эцэг, эх

She is a single parent raising two children on her own

skinny

туранхай

When I was a teenager, I was quite skinny because I played a lot of basketball

slim

гуалиг, туранхай

In the fashion industry, slim models are often preferred for runway shows

Smooth

саадгүй, зөөлөн, уран яруу

The line on the graph shows a smooth upward trend over the decade

sociable

нийтэч

The party was full of sociable guests

specialized

мэргэшсэн, тусгай чиглэлтэй

Doctors with specialized training are essential for treating rare medical conditions

split up with somebody

салах

She split up with her boyfriend last month.

stepfather

хойд эцэг

He lives with his mother and stepfather in the countryside

stocky

бадриун, well-built-ийг бодвол арай намхан, өргөн мөртэй

The stocky wrestler had an advantage in close-contact matches

Support somebody

хүнд дэмжлэг үзүүлэх

Parents should support their children’s dreams

supportive

дэмждэг, тусалдаг

Good teachers are supportive and encourage students to reach their potential.

sympathetic

хүний зовлонг ойлгодог, өрөвч

My teacher was very sympathetic when I explained my personal problems

take after somebody

Tэр хүний зан чанарыг дуурайх

I take after my father in being very patient

tanned

наранд борлосон

After my beach holiday, I came back with tanned skin and a relaxed mind

tell

хэлэх, ярих, мэдээлэх

Statistics tell us that renewable energy use is increasing globally.

Terrified

маш их айсан, айдаст автсан

Children can be terrified by violent scenes in movies

Thrilled

маш их баяртай, догдолсон

Students are often thrilled to participate in exchange programs abroad.

tolerant

хүлээцтэй, тэвчээртэй

My teacher is very tolerant and never judges students for making mistakes.

trust somebody

хэн нэгэнд итгэх

Citizens are more likely to follow laws when they trust their government

upset

сэтгэлээр унасан, бухимдсан

People often get upset when they feel misunderstood.

upset somebody

хүнийг гомдоох, сэтгэлээр унагах

I didn’t mean to upset my friend, but my comment came out wrong

Well-built

биерхүү, сайтар баригдсан

My uncle is a well-built man who enjoys weightlifting and outdoor activities